Appendix 2.
List of studies included in scoping review.
A1. Boonpracom R, Kunaviktikul W, Thungjaroenkul P, Wichaikhum O. A causal model for the quality of nursing care in Thailand. International Nursing Review. 2019;66(1):130-8.
A2. Chang YC, Yen M, Chang SM, Liu YM. Exploring the relationship between nursing hours per patient day and mortality rate of hospitalised patients in Taiwan. Journal of Nursing Management. 2017;25(2):85-92.
A3. Chang LY, Yu HH. The relationship between nursing workload, quality of care, and nursing payment in intensive care units. The Journal of Nursing Research. 2019;27(1):1-9.
A4. Chen X, Zhang Y, Qin W, Yu Z, Yu JX, Lin Y, et al. How does overall hospital satisfaction relate to patient experience with nursing care? A cross-sectional study in China. BMJ Open. 2022;12(1):e053899.
A5. Chittawatanarat K, Sataworn D, Thongchai C. Effects of ICU characters, human resources and workload to outcome indicators in Thai ICUs: The results of ICU-RESOURCE I study. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand. 2014;97(1):S22-30.
A6. Cho EH, Sloane DM, Kim EY, Kim SR, Choi MY, Yoo IY, et al. Effects of nurse staffing, work environments, and education on patient mortality: An observational study. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2015;52(2):53542.
A7. Cho HY, Song X, Piao J, Jin Y, Lee SM. Automatic delirium prediction system and nursing-sensitive outcomes in the medical intensive care unit. Clinical Nursing Research. 2015;24(1):29-50.
A8. Cho EH, Chin DL, Kim SH, Hong OS. The relationships of nurse staffing level and work environment with patient adverse events. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 2016;48(1):74-82.
A9. Cho SH, Lee JY, You SJ, Song KJ, Hong KJ. Nurse staffing, nurses prioritization, missed care, quality of nursing care, and nurse outcomes. International Journal of Nursing Practice. 2020;26(1):e12803.
A10. Chung W, Sohn M. The impact of nurse staffing on in-hospital mortality of stroke patients in Korea. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 2018;33(1):47-54.
A11. Cui X, Zhou X, Ma LL, Sun TW, Bishop L, Gardiner FW, et al. A nurse-led structured education program improves self-management skills and reduces hospital readmissions in patients with chronic heart failure: A randomized and controlled trial in China. Rural and Remote Health. 2019;19(2):1-8.
A12. Han KT, Kim SJ, Jang SI, Hahm MI, Kim SJ, Lee SY, et al. The outcomes of psychiatric inpatients by proportion of experienced psychiatrists and nurse staffing in hospital: New findings on improving the quality of mental health care in South Korea. Psychiatry Research. 2015;229(3):880-6.
A13. Hirose N, Morita K, Matsui H, Fushimi K, Yasunaga H. Dose‐response association between nurse staffing and patient outcomes following major cancer surgeries using a nationwide inpatient database in Japan. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2022;31(17-18):2562-73.
A14. Ho CHY, Rainer TH, Graham CA. Nurse initiated reinsertion of nasogastric tubes in the Emergency Department: A randomised controlled trial. Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal. 2013;16(4):136-43.
A15. Kim Y, Kim SH, Ko Y. Effect of nurse staffing variation and hospital resource utilization. Nursing & Health Sciences. 2016;18(4):473-80.
A16. Kim CG, Bae KS. Relationship between nurse staffing level and adult nursing-sensitive outcomes in tertiary hospitals of Korea: Retrospective observational study. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2018;80:155-64.
A17. Kim CG, Kim JS. The association between nurse staffing levels and paediatric nursing‐sensitive outcomes in tertiary hospitals. Journal of Nursing Management. 2018;26(8):1002-14.
A18. Kim JH, Kim SJ, Park JH, Lee EH. Multilevel factors influencing falls of patients in hospital: The impact of nurse staffing. Journal of Nursing Management. 2019;27(5):1011-19.
A19. Kim YM, Kim JY, Shin SA. Relationship between the legal nurse staffing standard and patient survival after perioperative cardiac arrest: A cross-sectional analysis of Korean administrative data. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2019;89:104-11.
A20. Kim YM, Kim SY, Lee KA. Association between registered nurse staffing levels and in-hospital mortality in craniotomy patients using Korean National Health Insurance data. BMC Nursing. 2020;19(1):36.
A21. Kim YM, Kim SY, Lee KA. Association between registered nurse staffing levels and in-hospital mortality in craniotomy patients using Korean National Health Insurance data. BMC Nursing. 2020;19(1):36.
A22. Lee KC, Chao YFC, Wang YM, Lin PC. A nurse–family partnership intervention to increase the self‐efficacy of family caregivers and reduce catheter‐associated urinary tract infection in catheterized patients. International Journal of Nursing Practice. 2015;21(6):771-9.
A23. Lee JH, Kang SM, Kim YA, Chu SH. Clinical outcomes of a nurse-led post-discharge education program for heart-transplant recipients: A retrospective cohort study. Applied Nursing Research. 2021;59:151427.
A24. Liang YW, Tsay SF, Chen WY. Effects of nurse staffing ratios on patient mortality in Taiwan acute care hospitals: A longitudinal study. Journal of Nursing Research. 2012;20(1):1-8.
A25. Liu J, You L, Zheng J, Ross AM, Liu K. Effects of work environment on quality of care in ICUs. Journal of Nursing Care Quality. 2016;31(3):1-8.
A26. Liu J, Zheng J, Liu K, You L. Relationship between work environments, nurse outcomes, and quality of care in ICUs: Mediating role of nursing care left undone. Journal of Nursing Care Quality. 2019;34(3):250-5.
A27. Nantsupawat A, Srisuphan W, Kunaviktikul W, Wichaikhum OA, Aungsuroch Y, Aiken LH. Impact of nurse work environment and staffing on hospital nurse and quality of care in Thailand. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 2011;43(4):426-32.
A28. Nantsupawat A, Nantsupawat R, Kunaviktikul W, Turale S, Poghosyan L. Nurse burnout, nurse‐reported quality of care, and patient outcomes in Thai hospitals. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 2016;48(1):83-90.
A29. Ogata Y, Sato K, Kodama Y, Morioka N, Taketomi K, Yonekura Y, et al. Work environment for hospital nurses in Japan: The relationships between nurses’ perceptions of their work environment and nursing outcomes. Nursing Open. 2021;8(5):2470-87.
A30. Wang L, Lu H, Dong X, Huang X, Li B, Wan Q, et al. The effect of nurse staffing on patient‐safety outcomes: A cross‐sectional survey. Journal of Nursing Management. 2020;28(7):1758-66.
A31. Wang LH, Zhao Y, Chen LY, Zhang L, Zhang YM. The effect of a nurse‐led self‐management program on outcomes of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Clinical Respiratory Journal. 2020;14(2):148-57.
A32. Yang PH, Hung CH, Chen YM, Hu CY, Shieh SL. The impact of different nursing skill mix models on patient outcomes in a respiratory care center. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing. 2012;9(4):227-33.
A33. Yang PH, Hung CH, Chen YC. The impact of three nursing staffing models on nursing outcomes. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2015;71(8):1847-56.
A34. Yatim J, Wong KS, Ling ML, Tan SB, Tan KY, Hockenberry M. A nurse‐driven process for timely removal of urinary catheters. International Journal of Urological Nursing. 2016;10(3):167-72.
A35. Yu DS, Lee DT, Stewart S, Thompson DR, Choi KC, Yu CM. Effect of nurse‐implemented transitional care for Chinese individuals with chronic heart failure in Hong Kong: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2015;63(8):1583-93.
A36. Yu SY, Kim TG. Evaluation of nurse staffing levels and outcomes under the government–recommended staffing levels in Korea. Journal of Nursing Management. 2015;23(4):479-86.
A37. Zhang P, Xing FM, Li CZ, Wang FL, Zhang XL. Effects of a nurse‐led transitional care programme on readmission, self‐efficacy to implement health‐promoting behaviours, functional status and life quality among Chinese patients with coronary artery disease: A randomised controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2018;27(56):969-79.
A38. Zhu Xw, You Lm, Zheng J, Liu K, Fang Jb, Hou Sx, et al. Nurse staffing levels make a difference on patient outcomes: A multisite study in Chinese hospitals. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 2012;44(3):266-73.
A39. Zhu X, Zheng J, Liu K, You L. Rationing of nursing care and its relationship with nurse staffing and patient outcomes: The mediation effect tested by structural equation modeling. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019;16(10):1672.
A40. Ko YK, Park BH. The relationship of the nursing work environment and nursing outcome among it’s nurses and content analysis of nurses’ workload. Korea Journal of Hospital Management. 2014;19(1):54-67.
A41. Kim MG. The impact of nurse staffing level on in-hospital death and infection in cancer patients who received surgery. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. 2017;18(4):408-17.
A42. Kim BH, Lee EJ. Effects of nursing staffing level and hospital grades on nursing sensitive patient outcomes in long-term care hospitals. Journal of Kyungpook Nursing Science. 2022;26(1):61-70.
A43. Kim YM, Cho SH, June KJ, Shin SA, Kim JY. Effects of hospital nurse staffing on in-hospital mortality, pneumonia, sepsis, and urinary tract infection in surgical patients. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2012;42(5):71929.
A44. Kim YM, Lee JY, Kang HC. Impact of nurse, nurses’ aid staffing and turnover rate on inpatient health outcomes in long term care hospitals. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2014;44(1):21-30.
A45. Kim EH, Lee EJ. Nursing outcomes of inpatient on level of nursing staffing in long term care hospitals. Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society. 2015;26(3):715-27.
A46. Cho SJ, Lee HJ, Oh JY, Kim JH. Inpatient outcomes by nurse staffing grade in Korea. Health Policy and Management. 2011;21(2):195-212.